Algebraic Topology: Lecture 1
We introducted (higher) homotopy groups and showed that they are
functors from the category of pointed topological spaces and
base-point preserving homotopy classes of base-point preserving maps
to the category of pointed sets and base-point preserving maps
(resp. groups and group-homomorphism, resp. abelian groups and
group-homomorphisms) as n = 0 (resp. n = 1, resp. n > 1). For reading
see Hatcher, Algebraic Topology, the beginning of chapters 0
and 4.